Real Estate Glossary
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Laches
Undue delay or negligence in asserting one's legal rights.
Land Banking
The business of buying land that is not currently needed for use.
Land Contract
A property installment selling agreement whereby the purchaser may occupy and use the land, but no deed is given by the seller until a specified part of the sales price has been paid.
Late Charge
The penalty a borrower must pay when a payment is made a stated number of days (usually 15) after the due date.
Late Payment
A payment made later than agreed upon in a credit contract and on which additional charges may be imposed.
Lease
A written agreement between the property owner and a tenant that stipulates the conditions under which the tenant may possess the real estate for a specified period of time and rent.
Leasehold Estate
A way of holding title to a property wherein the mortgagor does not actually own the property but rather has a recorded long-term lease on it.
Lease-Purchase Mortgage Loan
An alternative financing option that allows low- and moderate-income home buyers to lease a home from a nonprofit organization with an option to buy. Each month's rent payment consists of principal, interest, taxes and insurance (PITI) payments on the first mortgage plus an extra amount that is earmarked for deposit to a savings account in which money for a downpayment will accumulate.
Legal Description
A property description, recognized by law, that is sufficient to locate and identify the property without oral testimony.
Lender
The bank, mortgage broker, or financial institution providing the loan funds to a borrower.
Lender Fees
Fees that are kept by the lender to cover some of their expenses and to meet their profitability goals. Typically fees such as originatin fees, points, processing/administration fees, underwriting fees and document preparation fees are lender fees. This is the area of fees that you should compare very closely from lender to lender before making a decision.
Lessee
A person or company that signs a least to get temporary use of property.
Lessor
A person or company that provides temporary use of property usually in return for periodic payment.
Liabilities
A person's financial obligations. Liabilities include long-term and short-term debt, as well as any other amounts that are owed to others.
Liability Insurance
Insurance coverage that offers protection against claims alleging that a property owner's negligence or inappropriate action resulted in bodily injury or property damage to another party.
Liability on an Account
Legal responsibility to repay debt.
Lien
A legal claim against a property that must be paid off when the property is sold.
Lien Certificate
A certificate to verify there are no claims by one person on the property of another as security for money owed.
Lifetime Interest Rate Cap
On an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), a limit on the amount that the interest rate can increase or decrease over the term of the loan.
Lifetime Payment Cap
For an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), a limit on the amount that payments can increase or decrease over the life of the mortgage.
Line of Credit
An agreement by a commercial bank or other financial institution to extend credit up to a certain amount for a certain time to a specified borrower. See Home Equity Line of Credit.
Liquid Asset
A cash asset or an asset that is easily converted into cash.
Listing Agent
The agent who represents the seller.
Loan
A sum of borrowed money (principal) that is generally repaid with interest.
Loan Commitment
A written offer from a lender to provide financing to a borrower. The commitment letter states the terms under which the lender agrees to provide financing to the borrower. Also called a Commitment Letter.
Loan Origination
The process by which a mortgage lender brings into existence a mortgage secured by real property.
Loan Term
The number of months that you will make monthly payments. If the loan term is the same as the payment calculation term, you will pay the loan in full during the loan term and no balance will be due. If the payment calculation term is greater than the loan term, a balance or "balloon payment" may be due at the end of the loan term.
Loan-to-Value (LTV) Percentage
The relationship between the principal balance of the mortgage and the appraised value (or sales price if it is lower) of the property. For example, a $100,000 home with an $80,000 mortgage has a LTV percentage of 80 percent.
Lock-In
A written agreement in which the lender guarantees a specified interest rate if a mortgage goes to closing within a set period of time. The lock-in also usually specifies the number of points to be paid at closing.
Lock-In Period
The time period during which the lender has guaranteed an interest rate to a borrower.
Lot Drawing
A fee, usually associated with a survey or title policy to obtain a plat of the property to verify that there are not encroachments or easements that would affect a lender's desire to provide financing.
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